The Dominant factor of metabolic syndrome among office workers
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Apr 5, 2021
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Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in workers is high. Its impact can lower health status and disrupt work productivity. This research aimed to identify the dominant factor of metabolic syndrome among workers in government agencies of the Tanjung Priok port, Jakarta. The research method used descriptive- analytic with a cross-sectional design. The study used secondary data from medical check-up records of 256 workers in Port of Tanjung Priok. The inclusion criteria was all employees who had a medical check-up. Exclusion criteria was pregnancy and individuals with too much missing or poorly recorded information. The chi-square test and binary logistic regression were applied for analysis. The study found that metabolic syndrome prevalence was quite high in workers (38.7%). The results of a multivariate analysis showed physical activity (p = 0,003, OR = 2,238), total energy (P = 0,038, OR = 1,960), and carbohydrate intake (p = 0,014, OR = 0,490), together became the risk factor of the metabolic syndrome among workers. The dominant factor of metabolic syndrome was physical activity. The worker was susceptible to low physical activity so that the risk of metabolic syndrome was quite high. The company should improve the health promotion program in the workplace with regular screening, improved physical activity and provide a healthy meal to prevent metabolic syndrome in workers.
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Rahma Listyandini, Fenti Dewi Pertiwi, Dian Puspa Riana, & Widya Asih Lestari. (2021). The Dominant factor of metabolic syndrome among office workers . Journal of Health Science and Prevention, 5(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v5i1.421
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References
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22. Susilawati M, Muljati S, Bantas K. PERBANDINGAN IMT DAN INDIKATOR OBESITAS SENTRAL TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (DMT2) (Analisis data sekunder baseline studi kohor PTM di kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Bogor tahun 2011). Bul Penelit Kesehat. 2015;43(1):17–22.
23. Sukmawati IR, Wijaya A. Adiposopathy and Obesity Paradox. Indones Biomed J. 2013 Apr 1;5(1):3–12.
24. Ozer S, Yilmaz R, Kazanci NO, Sonmezgoz E, Karaaslan E, Altuntas B, et al. Higher HDL levels are a preventive factor for metabolic syndrome in obese Turkish children. Nutr Hosp. 2015;31(1):307–12.
25. Bhanushali CJ, Kumar K, Wutoh AK, Karavatas S, Habib MJ, Daniel M, et al. Association between Lifestyle Factors and Metabolic Syndrome among African Americans in the United States. J Nutr Metab.
26. Halpern A, Mancini M, Magalhães M. Metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes in youth: from diagnosis to treatment. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2010;2(55).
27. Ryu H, Jung J, Cho J, Chin DL. Program Development and Effectiveness of Workplace Health Promotion Program for Preventing Metabolic Syndrome among Office Workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2017 Aug;14(8). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5580582/
28. Zahtamal Z, Rochmah W, Prabandari YS, Setyawati LK. Effects of Multilevel Intervention in Workplace Health Promotion on Workers’ Metabolic Syndrome Components. Kesmas Natl Public Health J. 2017 May 24;11(4):198–204.
2. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001;285:2486–97.
3. Stern MP, Williams K, González-Villalpando C, Hunt KJ, Haffner SM. Does the metabolic syndrome improve identification of individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease? Diabetes Care. 2004 Nov;27(11):2676–81.
4. Can AS, Yildiz EA, Samur G, Rakicioglu N, Pekcan G, Ozbayrakçi S, et al. Optimal waist:height ratio cut-off point for cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adults. Public Health Nutr. 2010 Apr;13(3):488–495 8p.
5. Jafar N. SINDROMA METABOLIK DAN EPIDEMIOLOGI. MEDIA GIZI Masy Indones [Internet]. 2012;(Vol 1, No 2 (2012)). Available from: http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mgmi/article/view/423
6. Kamso S, Purwantyastuti P, Lubis DU, Juwita R, Robbi YK, Besral B. Prevalensi dan Determinan Sindrom Metabolik pada Kelompok Eksekutif di Jakarta dan Sekitarnya. Kesmas J Kesehat Masy Nas [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2016 Feb 13];6(2). Available from: http://jurnalkesmas.ui.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/view/110
7. Bantas K, Yoseph HK, Moelyono B. Perbedaan Gender pada Kejadian Sindrom Metabolik pada Penduduk Perkotaan di Indonesia. Kesmas J Kesehat Masy Nas [Internet]. 2014 Oct 17;7(5). Available from: http://jurnalkesmas.ui.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/view/44
8. Podang J, Sritara P, Narksawat K. Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome among a group of Thai working population: a cross sectional study. J Med Assoc Thail. 2013;96(Suppl. 5):S33–41.
9. Ramón-Arbués E, Martínez-Abadía B, Gracia-Tabuenca T, Yuste-Gran C, Pellicer-García B, Juárez-Vela R, et al. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its association with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study of a sample of workers in Aragón, Spain. Nutr Hosp. 2019;36(1):51–9.
10. Nikpour M, Tirgar A, Hajiahmadi M, Hosseini A, Heidari B, Ghaffari F, et al. Shift work and metabolic syndrome: A multi-center cross-sectional study on females of reproductive age. Biomed Rep. 2019 May;10(5):311–7.
11. Zahtamal Z, Prabandari YS, Setyawati L. Prevalensi Sindrom Metabolik pada Pekerja Perusahaan The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Company Workers. Kesmas J Kesehat Masy Nas. 2014 Dec 14;9(2):113–20.
12. International Labour Organization. The prevention occupational dis-eases-2 million workers killed every year [internet]. World Day for safe-ty and health at work. [Internet]. ILO; 2013 [cited 2020 Aug 18]. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/edprotect/protrav/safe-work/documents/publication/wcms208226.pdf
13. Rizkiani DO, Modjo R. Physical Activity: Mine Workers’ Behavior Related With Metabolic Syndrome. Indian J Public Health Res Dev. 2019 Mar 8;10(2):543–8.
14. Niazi E, Saraei M, Aminian O, Izadi N. Frequency of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in health care workers. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(1):338–42.
15. Biernat E, Tomaszewski P, Milde K. Physical Activity of Office Workers. Biol Sport. 2010;27(4):289–96.
16. Yusfita LY. HUBUNGAN PERILAKU SEDENTARI DENGAN SINDROM METABOLIK PADA PEKERJA. Indones J Public Health. 2018;13(2):145–57.
17. Alavi S, Makarem J, Mehrdad R, Abbasi M. Metabolic syndrome: a common problem among office workers. Int J Occup Env Med. 2015;6(1):34–40.
18. Wang X, Yang F, Bots ML, Guo W-Y, Zhao B, Hoes AW, et al. Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among Employees in Northeast China. Chin Med J (Engl). 2015 Aug 5;128(15):1989–93.
19. Després J-P. Abdominal Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Is Inflammation the Missing Link? Can J Cardiol. 2012 Nov 1;28(6):642–52.
20. Barroso TA, Marins LB, Alves R, Gonçalves ACS, Barroso SG, Rocha G de S, et al. Association of Central Obesity with The Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2017;30(5):416–24.
21. Widastra IM, Rahayu VES., Yasa IDPGP. Obesitas Sentral Sebagai Faktor Penyebab Timbulnya Resistensi Insulin Pada Orang Dewasa. J Skala Husada. 2015;12(2):103–9.
22. Susilawati M, Muljati S, Bantas K. PERBANDINGAN IMT DAN INDIKATOR OBESITAS SENTRAL TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (DMT2) (Analisis data sekunder baseline studi kohor PTM di kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Bogor tahun 2011). Bul Penelit Kesehat. 2015;43(1):17–22.
23. Sukmawati IR, Wijaya A. Adiposopathy and Obesity Paradox. Indones Biomed J. 2013 Apr 1;5(1):3–12.
24. Ozer S, Yilmaz R, Kazanci NO, Sonmezgoz E, Karaaslan E, Altuntas B, et al. Higher HDL levels are a preventive factor for metabolic syndrome in obese Turkish children. Nutr Hosp. 2015;31(1):307–12.
25. Bhanushali CJ, Kumar K, Wutoh AK, Karavatas S, Habib MJ, Daniel M, et al. Association between Lifestyle Factors and Metabolic Syndrome among African Americans in the United States. J Nutr Metab.
26. Halpern A, Mancini M, Magalhães M. Metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes in youth: from diagnosis to treatment. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2010;2(55).
27. Ryu H, Jung J, Cho J, Chin DL. Program Development and Effectiveness of Workplace Health Promotion Program for Preventing Metabolic Syndrome among Office Workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2017 Aug;14(8). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5580582/
28. Zahtamal Z, Rochmah W, Prabandari YS, Setyawati LK. Effects of Multilevel Intervention in Workplace Health Promotion on Workers’ Metabolic Syndrome Components. Kesmas Natl Public Health J. 2017 May 24;11(4):198–204.